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Meet Allyson: Acting Principal Investigator for 2010

Posted on June 9th, 2010 by Allyson Brady

As the 2010 PLRP field season draws nearer, we are all busy with plans and preparations. This summer will be a bit different for me as our fearless leader Darlene will be on maternity leave and I will be stepping into the role of acting Principal Investigator (PI). A daunting task, but I know I have the support of an amazing team of people and we’re all working towards having a fun, safe and successful field season.

Allyson in final preparation for a DeepWorker flight

Looking back over the last 5 years that I have been involved in PLRP I am in awe of what we’ve accomplished and how much we’ve grown. Last year we successfully mapped additional regions of the lake using the DeepWorker submersibles and re-visited areas of interest identified in 2008 for more detailed imaging and observations. We were also very successful in classifying a great deal of our DW imaging data while in the field. This was a huge accomplishment and the entire team worked very hard to make this happen, we hope to have a repeat this year. Examination of the 2009 data has helped us to identify more regions that show interesting trends that we will be exploring in this upcoming field season.

Flight planning for 2010 is going ahead full-steam! We are very pleased to continue with our astronaut training program this year and welcome Chris Hadfield and the Stan Love to the PLRP gang. I can’t wait to see their reaction to viewing this remarkable lake and the microbialites for the first time.

As always, there are a number of fundamental science questions that we are working towards answering through the exploration of this beautiful lake, not only with DW but with SCUBA and GAVIA as well. We will continue to examine questions regarding the role of biology and physical parameters in carbonate precipitation including: What are the dominant surface microbial and viral communities? Does grazing by macroorganisms affect microbialite morphology? What is the role of algae? How do depth and slope affect morphology? And many more… I’m looking forward to partaking in some great science and exploration activities this summer.

The field season is nearly upon us so stay tuned for more updates!

~ Allyson

Dr. Love’s Underwater Blog – Submarine Training: Day 3

Posted on April 6th, 2010 by Stanley Love

This morning the towers of downtown Vancouver, across Burrard Inlet from our hotel, were blurred with a grey veil of rain. No trouble, I thought. It rained yesterday and we got plenty of training done regardless. Rain is not really a threat to a submarine! But, crucially, the big rotating sign in the shape of a “Q” that marked the Lonsdale Quay marketplace was behaving oddly. Every once in a while its steady turning would stall, or even reverse for a few seconds.

The magnitude of the problem didn’t become apparent until we got out to the marine lab. The Canadian flag at the front of the building snapped madly and strained at its line. The sea was dark grey and spangled with whitecaps. Two-foot seas washed over the float where the support skiff was moored and interfered with each other near shore to make a high, sharp, chaotic chop. Sailboats in ones and twos, aborting cruise plans for the Easter weekend, struggled in the direction of the harbor under bare poles, pitching and plunging. Not a pretty day for nautical endeavors. (We found out later that it was the strongest windstorm in several years, with winds reaching 100 km/h. It dropped trees on power lines, cutting electricity to over 100,000 customers, and forced cancellation of some ferry service).

Our instructors didn’t like the look of things either. “Do you get seasick easily?” one of them asked me. Jeff was frowning at the idea of putting a sub under tow in the present sea state, if it should have a mechanical problem. For about an hour we stood around in our full raingear, watching the weather for signs of improvement. Our patience was not rewarded. If anything, it seemed to be getting worse–visibility dropping, sleet beginning to mix in with the rain. We began discussing how much submarine training we might be able to accomplish without having to court nausea and disaster by putting the vehicles in the water.

What we settled on was to call our sonar and manipulator work of the previous day sufficient and to devote our time today to the one system on the sub that we hadn’t touched yet: the video camera and recorder. It emerged that the video system works pretty much the same on land and in the water. Chris and I took turns sitting in DeepWorker #7, hatch closed to keep the rain out of the cockpit but resting securely on dry land, and working through the video controls. This was quickly done. Then we headed for the warmth and dryness of the lab for coffee and “Timbits” (evidently the Canadian word for donut holes). We had a relaxed discussion of all we’d learned. After that we exchanged a final round of thank-yous and handshakes, called our submarine driver certification complete, and parted company.

Thus ends Dr. Love’s underwater blog for now. It was a wonderful treat to drive the Deep Worker, and a much appreciated privilege to be allowed to do so, especially in the company of such excellent teachers and fellow students. For me this training trip was also a satisfying visit to the Pacific Coast. I was raised in Western Oregon, and any day when I get to see clouds caught in tall trees is a good one! The blog will resume this summer in a higher and less rainy environment, when I meet the DeepWorker submersible again for the Real Deal: the field season at Pavilion Lake.

-Stan

Dr. Love’s underwater blog – Submarine Training – Day 2

Posted on April 5th, 2010 by Stanley Love

The second day of sub training for Chris Hadfield and myself started out cold, grey, and blustery. On the drive out to the Canadian government fisheries research lab where we were conducting our training, I could see a fresh dusting of snow on the trees not very far up the mountains north of Vancouver. It must have fallen overnight. At sea level there was only rain, but there was a strong breeze from the southeast just beginning to raise a small swell and a few whitecaps out on the bay.

The first half of the training day was a walkthrough of emergency procedures with instructor Jeff Heaton, in the warmth and comfort of a small upstairs conference room at the lab. Jeff jokingly refers to this part of training as the “we’re all gonna die” lecture. Like a spacecraft, a submarine is a totally enclosed micro-environment surrounded by conditions that won’t support human life. In either type of vehicle, the most serious situations are those that interfere with life support functions. It is these cases that drive the need for step-by-step checklists to follow when things go wrong.

The designers of the DeepWorker understood the risks of operating underwater and built a very safe vehicle. The sub has multiple independent sources of breathing gas, and even a way to use the pilot’s own lungpower to operate the carbon dioxide scrubbers if there should be a problem with the electrically-driven fans. The sub can return to the surface via any one of three different methods even after a total loss of its electric thrusters. The only hazard that can’t be solved through design is getting stuck or entangled so that the sub can’t get back to the surface. The pilot has to rely on his or her own good judgment to avid that scenario.

After lunch, Chris and I climbed into our trusty submarines for an afternoon of practical work. Fortunately the wind had calmed down and the sea state remained unchallenging. We moved away from the dock, and descended to the bottom of the bay. Jeff talked us through a few emergency drills, step by step. We tried swapping to backup electrical power, using a strap-on mask to breathe through the CO2 scrubbers with the fans powered off, switching to an alternate oxygen supply, ascending to the surface using only the compressed-air ballast tank, and reacting to an imaginary fire in the cockpit. All of those exercises went smoothly.

For the next phase of the lesson, Chris and I spent some time trying to locate two sonar targets out in the bay. The morning’s wave action had stirred up the sediment so that the visibility was even worse than the day before. Jeff would give us a bearing and range to the target, and we’d stare at our sonar screens and try to determine which smeary, shifting blob of color was the sonar target. This was quite tough. Twice we homed in on each other’s submarine without intending to. Chris found a piece of PVC pipe. I was stalking a promising sonar target when it suddenly materialized out of the green gloom a meter in front of me: a huge, dark, towering mass festooned with waving snaky growths. What the heck?! Something out of an H. P. Lovecraft story? No, just an old wooden piling covered with foot-long tube worms. OK, there was some of the sea life I had wanted to observe.

Leaving the piling, I did have some success (with a lot of help from the surface) finding the two sonar targets and using my robot arm to grab them, pick them up, and move them to new locations. It feels like quite an accomplishment to find anything in such low visibility.

By the time the day ended, I’d completed a three-hour dive and was feeling very comfortable in the sub. I felt like I had a good grasp of the systems, and could get the machine to do what I wanted without undue effort. It’s a pleasant feeling.

Tomorrow we expect another half day in the sub, after which we’ll be certified drivers, ready to ply the calm, clear waters of Pavilion Lake!

-Stan

Soyuz Blasts Off in Kazakhstan – DeepWorker Dives in Vancouver

Posted on April 2nd, 2010 by Ben Cowie

Today was an exciting day in the world of space exploration! Here in Vancouver, it was day two of DeepWorker training with Chris and Stan, who searched through the murky waters of Burrard Inlet for sonar targets – but – halfway around the world, in Kazakhstan, the Russian space capsule Soyuz was preparing to blast off for the International Space Station with three astro/cosmonauts aboard! You can guess which event was more exciting to watch…

Soyuz blasts off in Kazakhstan (as viewed from the surface) - Photo: Scott Andrews/NASA

Deepworker in Action (as viewed from the surface) - Photo: Ben Cowie

After dinner in West Vancouver, we gathered around Chris’ laptop in the hotel to watch the Soyuz launch on NASA TV. American astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson (who is Chris’ neighbor in Houston!), was aboard with two Russian cosmonauts: Alexander Skvortsov and Mikhail Kornienko. Watching a human spaceflight with astronauts provides a very unique perspective about the procedures, nuances and stresses experienced during the flight. They could almost predict to the second when the booster rockets were to detach, when camera angles would switch, and when various communications with Moscow would occur – including a conversation with the Roscosmos presdient! Chris was also quick to point out the toy duck hanging above the pilot’s position that belongs to Alexander’s daughter. The duck acts as a gravity sensor, indicating when the vehicle has left Earth’s gravitational pull by floating away on its tether!

Tomorrow, Stan and Chris will become fully-certified as DeepWorker pilots, and I will depart from Vancouver. But, I will be back soon – the field season countdown clock is T-minus 122,942 minutes and counting!

- Ben

When it’s Pouring, the Best Place to be is Underwater

Posted on April 1st, 2010 by Chris Hadfield

April Fool’s Day in Vancouver, and the gray-black sky opened up. One of those cold pounding rains that makes you run in a crouch, hustling for cover. An umbrella-stealing rain. A rain that normally I wouldn’t go out in. But today I was splashing around and loving it, inches from the wet yet bizarrely dry, happily learning to pilot a DeepWorker one-person submarine.

Stan (the other student sub pilot) and I got to the West Van docks around 9 AM. Mike and the 2 Jeffs from Nuytco already had the subs ready, sleek and black with hatches open.

We had a classroom session on emergency procedures, what to do in case of fire, water leak, air leak, etc. We had sandwiches while Jeff told stories of using the subs to retrieve wrecks and bodies. We put on an extra layer of socks against the chill, climbed into our DeepWorkers feeling like race car drivers, and helped close the hatches. Kyle the crane operator smoothly lifted me first, up and clear, over and down the long pilings of the pier, into the cold green water of Burrard Inlet. Jeff in a dry suit unhooked me, carefully keeping his hands warm out of the water, and finally I got to the real work of the day – emergency drills, and sonar practice.

Before you submerge, the subs float where you see half sky and half sea. Today that was gray over green, and a little choppy, making the sub roll. As I sit and type this tonight I can still feel the slow roll of the sub in the water.

Gray over Green, from the surface of Burrard Inlet - Photo: Chris Hadfield

I confirmed by the little white radio microphone draped across my neck that my sub (‘DeepWorker 6’) was healthy, and got permission from Mike to dive. A reach down to the right to let water into the flotation tank, a sudden rush of white bubbles up the right side of the canopy, and magically I was back in another world. Somehow like slipping into oblivion.

Slipping into the green oblivion - Photo: Chris Hadfield

Burrard Inlet is a bad place to dive, with bits of stuff floating in the water, terrible visibility, and the bottom mostly gravel, rock, muck and the occasional pop can. I stared intently into the thick green fog, straining to see anything, but most of the time I barely saw the cloud of mud billow up just as I bumped into the bottom.

The main noise was from the 4 little propellers that moved me around. I steered with my feet, and the harder I pushed, the louder the noise and the faster I turned and went. I had to let up on the gas to hear Mike on the radio, as we went through the emergency drills. It was all pretty common sense stuff – if something’s leaking shut it off, if the air is bad use a mask, if water’s getting in head for the surface. Everybody was happy, and we got on to sonar work.

It was weird to pull the computer tablet out into my lap and have the Windows home screen there with me underwater. A few switch throws and the sonar display came up, replacing the green hill/blue sky with a multi-coloured radar scope. Mike and the Jeffs put targets into the water, and off I went, on a hunt.

Sonar display in DeepWorker: so near, and yet, so far - Photo: Chris Hadfield

I’m a poor sonar operator. Mostly the display looked to me like psychedelic ink blots. Jeff radioed me headings and distances, and once in a while I imagined I saw something on the sonar screen that matched. I tried driving fast to avoid drift, I tried slow and careful on heading, I tried up high near the surface, and I tried down by the bottom. Mostly I just drove where Jeff told me, and 3 times I found the sonar target suddenly looming out of the murk. I also found a piece of PVC pipe that I decided to pick up with the robot arm, clumsy on my first try with that. It uses a joy stick in my right hand, tipping and rolling it to move the arm joints, pulling the trigger to open and close the jaws. I got the pipe clamped on my 2nd try, and raised it high like a skinny algae-covered Olympic torch for the rest of the dive.

PVC Pipe, just like the Olympic Torch - Photo: Chris Hadfield

Jeff called and said it was 4:30, time to head back. I decided my prize PVC pipe would smell bad above water and let it go, and then pushed hard on my left heel to climb to the surface. As I broke into daylight I pulled a lever to fill the buoyancy tank with air, and then trundled over on the surface to where Jeff floated with the lifting hook. Kyle hauled me out and set my on the deck, still wet with rain. I did the last of the checks with Mike on the radio, opened the hatch, took off my warm socks, and climbed back out into the other, non-sub-piloting world.

When it’s April Fool’s Day and pouring rain, I recommend being underwater.

- Chris

Dr. Love’s Underwater Blog

Posted on March 31st, 2010 by Stanley Love

About a year ago, I heard about the Pavilion Lake Research Project, which investigates weird microbial growths in a lake in British Columbia. It sounded like a lot of fun, but I wasn’t sure how to get involved. Then, about ten days ago, I got a call from someone who saw that I’d volunteered for the Desert RATS expedition later this year. He wondered whether I’d also be interested in “something even cooler than NEEMO, if not quite as cool as space flight.” I said, “Is it as cool as Pavilion Lake?”

Turned out it was Pavilion Lake. Hooray! So I threw a bunch of wool socks, fleece shirts, and Gore-Tex into a suitcase (I lived in Seattle for six years, and have some idea of what kind of weather to expect up here in March) and flew on up to Vancouver for a very quick introduction to the “whos” and “whats” of Pavilion Lake.

For me, the most important of the “whats” will be the DeepWorker submersible, the miniature submarine that I’ll be piloting to explore the lake this summer. The DeepWorker was developed by Nuytco, the same company that built the famous “Newt Suit” diving apparatus. DeepWorker is just big enough to hold one pilot, some ancillary electronics, and some life support and survival gear. Attached to the outside are four thrusters controlled by foot pedals inside, the batteries that power the whole craft, and the compressed-gas tanks. There’s also a small hydraulic manipulator that looks like a miniature version of the robot arms we use on the Space Shuttle and Space Station.

Today was the first day of DeepWorker school. The students are myself and Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield. He has had some past exposure to submarines, but I know nothing about them, so this is all new to me! But no matter. After a quick but thorough briefing by Jeff Heaton, I climbed into DeepWorker #7. Jeff ran me through some system checks and we lowered the clear bubble hatch. The crane picked me up, swung me out over the water, and lowered me into it, all in not much more time that it takes to write it all down.

It’s strange to sit, totally secure and dry, bobbing in the sea with the waterline right at eye level. Strange, but not at all uncomfortable. The sub moved only sightly in the small waves we had with today’s fair weather. Once I’d had a chance to get used to the feeling of being in the water, Jeff talked me through some basic surface maneuvers, using the foot pedals to control the thrusters. Turn right and left, move forward and backward, follow a compass heading. All that went fine. Then it was time to flood the ballast tank and start working underwater. No problem: I moved the valve, a lot of bubbles came up from the right side of the sub as the tank filled, and the waterline crept up the clear dome and then closed over my head. I had wondered ahead of time how that would feel, and was pleasantly surprised that the sense of overwhelming coolness overrode any apprehension about being underwater.

One of the things I had looked forward to on this trip was seeing the undersea life of Puget Sound up close. Sadly, it was not to be–the water was very murky, making it hard to see anything beyond the snout of the sub. So I didn’t see much marine life–Nor, during later maneuvering, did I see one of the nearby dock pilings until after I’d felt a bump!

The first dive was short and sweet. If seemed as if only a few minutes had passed when Jeff asked me to resurface for lunch. We all enjoyed a nice meal in the sunshine (unusual for this place and season). Chris and I chatted a bit with some folks from the local and national media, then prepared for the next dive of the day.

The second sortie cemented the lessons of the first. It also added some basic sonar navigation work and exercised the automatic depth-holding function. All very cool. Again, the time seemed to fly by, and all too soon they were hoisting us out of the water.

In all, it was a great day. The sub is a marvel, the instruction was topnotch, and I can’t wait to do it again tomorrow!

-Stan

PLRP Meets ISRU

Posted on January 31st, 2010 by Bekah Shepard

Aloha! That’s right – PLRP is visiting Hawaii! To be more specific, Allyson and myself have journeyed to the Big Island to take part in another exploration analogue test – the In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Test. ISRU is just a fancy way of saying “using the resources that are in place”, but in this case, we mean resources that are “in place” on the Moon or Mars. Some of the major goals of planetary exploration are sample return (bringing samples from other planets to Earth) and human exploration. Both of these ventures will require lots of fuel, and in the case of human exploration, plenty of oxygen and water. To send enough of these resources to the Moon or another planet would be incredibly expensive, and might even take several trips! Therefore, learning to use resources “in place” to generate fuel, oxygen, and water will be a great help to planetary exploration!

“But what are you Pavilion Lake researchers doing at an ISRU field test?” I hear you cry. It is true that our main focus at Pavilion Lake is the scientific exploration of the lake and its microbialites. However, as our project has grown and the exploration has become more complicated (submersibles, AUV’s, complicated communications, LOTS of people working to support the science) we realized that it can sometimes be challenging to keep the science as the top priority! In our struggles to do science as effectively and successfully as we can, we realized that developing metrics (tools for evaluating how successful we are at doing research) was surprisingly helpful!

ISRU-tent

Our tent at ISRU-Hawaii. Yes, this really is Hawaii.

We have since gone on to collaborate with folks developing the next generation Lunar Rover, and have applied our metrics to their Desert RATs analogue test site in Arizona. (Check out the NASA analogue site for more information about RATs: http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/analogs/). That collaboration has continued, and when the opportunity arose to test our metrics in yet another analogue setting, we jumped at the chance! Why? The balance between science, engineering, and operations in different in each of these analogue field tests, and that difference helps us to hone our metrics. We are gaining a better and better understanding of how science functions in each of these types of analogues, and that helps us all to become better exploration scientists.

Stay tuned for next time when Allyson and Bekah say “Hey! This is Hawaii! Where are all the beaches and palm trees!?!

- Bekah

Mobile Command: Communications at Pavilion Lake

Posted on July 1st, 2009 by Mike Downs

KSC’s Mobile Mission Control Center (MMCC) left Kennedy Space Center for its cross continent trip to Pavilion Lake on Friday, June 26th. It will arrive at the lake on July 4th, along with the KSC communications team including myself, Bill Dearing, and Marc Seibert.

On board the trailer is all of the communications and logistics gear to support the Pavilion Lake project this year. If you have been to the lake before, you know that its location does not lend itself to good communication. There is no cell phone coverage (nearest is 30-45 minute drive away), and no Starbucks on every corner for free Wi-Fi access.

KSC's Mobile Mission Control Center

KSC's Mobile Mission Control Center

The KSC communications team will be changing all of that. We will be setting up a wireless hot spot zone that will cover the entire lake, including voice communications with the submarines. The test team should be able to be online sending reports over the internet and talking to other scientists and researchers from around the world over many of the VoIP phone circuits we are bringing to the lake.

The past couple of weeks have been filled with last minute testing of gear, packing the MMCC trailer, as well as some extra juggling around of the trailer for a open house at the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) launch party in the rocket garden at the KSC Visitor Center. The MMCC trailer is beginning the 2009 NASA Analog season with its trip to Pavilion Lake. After PLRP, it will leave for Johnson Space Center in Texas to support dry-run activities in preparation for the September Desert Rats outing at the Black Point Lava Flow in Arizona.

I’m looking forward to visiting Pavilion Lake for my first field season, and especially excited to lend support to the DeepWorker submersible operations. By enabling better communication, the team will be able to achieve more science goals while at the lake than was ever possible in the past.

~Mike Downs

Learning the Molecular Alphabet: DNA/RNA analysis at Pavilion Lake

Posted on June 29th, 2009 by Zena Cardman

I am an undergraduate at the University of North Carolina, and this year I’ll be collecting microbialite samples, to figure out how the microscopic species living on the microbialites vary throughout the lake. Currently I’m working in a lab in the Department of Marine Science at UNC with Andreas Teske and Jen Biddle, where I study the genetic diversity of microbes living around a deep-sea hydrothermal vent site near Guaymas, Mexico. Even though Pavilion Lake is a very different environment, I’ll be using many of the same techniques to study the microbial life in Pavilion Lake as I do to study the microbes living in mud almost 3,000 meters below the surface of the ocean.

My background is in molecular biology, so to study the diversity of the microbialites’ microbes, Jen and I will extract their DNA and RNA, and then determine the sequences of particular genes that they code for. If you need a quick crash course in molecular biology: DNA is a molecule made up of four different types of subunits (called A, T, G and C for short), which are repeated and reordered to form a long chain. The particular order of these subunits stores the genetic information for all life forms, much like different combinations of letters spell out different words. Genes that are “switched on” write the words that code for RNA, a molecule which in turn gets translated into proteins. By looking at the differences between these sequences, we can gain some insight into what types of organisms they are, and how closely related they are. It would be very cool if we find differences in the microbes associated with different types of microbialites!

The DNA and RNA of a biological sample degrade quickly, so you have to preserve it if you want to be able to study it back home in your lab. Often samples are frozen at –80 degrees, or in liquid Nitrogen, in order to preserve their genetic information for future analysis. But it can be difficult to freeze samples like this, and safely ship them back to your lab when you are out doing field research. Instead, I’ll be using a salty solution to preserve the RNA in the microbialite samples I take. Field work is a fun challenge, because you have to be so prepared ahead of time! Everyone with the Pavilion Lake Research Project has been working hard for months already to make sure we’re ready for anything at the lake.

While there is barely a week left I leave for Pavilion Lake, I’m currently attending a course on astrobiology in Spain. The students are all young (mostly in graduate school, or recent PhDs), and it’s wonderful to witness the beginnings of collaborations between young scientists. I think astrobiology is especially conducive to collaboration, because it’s so interdisciplinary, and field projects like PLRP are no exception.

I can’t wait to see everyone at Pavilion Lake!

~Zena

Zena behind a mammoth-sized stack of clone libraries

Zena behind a mammoth-sized stack of clone libraries

UBC-Gavia: The (Un)Common Loon in the Lake

Posted on June 25th, 2009 by Andrew Hamilton

Behold the Common Loon. The Great Northern Diver. Scientific name Gavia immer. The bird that lent its image and name to the one dollar coin, the “loonie”.

The Common Loon, Gavia immer

The Common Loon, Gavia immer

Well, there’s a new loon in town, and this one is not very common. UBC-Gavia, the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) named after the Common Loon, is the robot that will be diving beneath the surface of Pavilion Lake this summer. As one of only a handful of Gavia-class AUVs in the world, and one of only two in Canada, seeing this uncommon loon is a rare and special sight in Canadian lakes.

This year we are particularly excited to have Dr. Art Trembanis joining the project who will be bringing some very high-tech toys with him from the University of Delaware. Dr. Trembanis may have an uncommon name (apparently he is one of only 6 Trembanis’ in the world – the other 5 being his immediate family) but he’s certainly no loon. Art is the happy owner of another Gavia AUV that is equipped with an inertial navigation system (INS), the navigation instrument found on commercial airliners. This allows his Gavia to fly with unprecedented location accuracy and precision underwater. Due to the interchangeable modules on the Gavia AUVs, this also means he can bring the INS module with him to attach to UBC-Gavia for the Pavilion Lake project to collect high-resolution spatially referenced data. It is also an excellent idea when there are multiple submersibles flying around the lake at the same time (UBC-Gavia and the Deepworkers) to know precisely where each one is. Avoiding an unplanned underwater encounter is priority one!

Four uncommon loons. Doug Miller, Andrew Hamilton and Art Trembanis with the University of Delaware's Gavia AUV

Four uncommon loons. Doug Miller, Andrew Hamilton and Art Trembanis with the University of Delaware's Gavia AUV

One of the goals of Gavia at Pavilion is to help us track the flow of groundwater inputs into the lake. There are several springs that flow into the lake underwater and depending on the chemistry of this groundwater these springs may play a role in microbialite formation. We expect the groundwater may be more saline and dense than the lake water and so will creep along the bottom from its sources to the deepest part of the lake. Flying UBC-Gavia in precise bottom tracking mode, equipped with the INS, will help us focus in on the path of the groundwater and allow us to send the Deepworkers in for a closer inspection.

Another exciting first for this field season is that we hope to test a water sampler prototype designed by three undergraduate engineering students at UBC. Gabriel Hamilton, Jadon Harrison and Mark Mosher, designed and built an independent bottle system that attaches to the the outside of UBC-Gavia. This will allow us to collect small water samples at depth during the mission and return them to the surface for analysis. The team has successfully tested the sampling system independently, now we want to put it through its paces in the field on UBC-Gavia. A robust and functional water sampler attached to the AUV would permit the collection of samples from locations that may otherwise be inaccessible and expand UBC-Gavia’s capabilities for biological analysis (as a molecular oceanographer this is very exciting to me!). The team of undergrads will be giving us a demonstration of their water sampler this evening, so we’re looking forward to seeing it in action.

So if you happen to be at Pavilion Lake during the first two weeks of July, watch for the rare uncommon loon diving under the water. It will be followed closely at the surface by a more common loonie (yours truly) in a zodiac (although I think it’ll be a while before my image makes it onto a coin!).

Cheers,

Andrew

An uncommon loon on the beach. Art's Gavia AUV staying cool in Delaware

An uncommon loon on the beach. Art's Gavia AUV staying cool in Delaware